Why is physical security significant for nuclear facilities?

Physical security is paramount for nuclear facilities because it directly addresses the risks associated with unauthorized access, sabotage, or theft of nuclear materials. The main function of physical security in this context is to safeguard sensitive areas and prevent potential threats that could lead to catastrophic outcomes, including the use of nuclear materials for malicious purposes or the disruption of critical operations.

By implementing robust physical security measures—such as barriers, surveillance, and access control—the facility can effectively deter and respond to threats, thereby protecting both the facility and the surrounding community. This aspect of security is crucial, as any breach could have dire implications not only at the facility itself but also on a national and global scale.

Other aspects mentioned, like disposal of nuclear waste, enhancing energy production, or compliance with treaties, are important in their own right but don't encapsulate the primary role of physical security, which is fundamentally focused on protecting the integrity of the facility against internal and external threats.