How does modernization contribute to nuclear surety?

Modernization contributes to nuclear surety primarily by upgrading technology to adapt to evolving threats. As global security landscapes change and new forms of threats emerge, it's crucial for nuclear systems, including weapons, facilities, and safety measures, to be continually assessed and enhanced.

Upgrading technology can involve replacing or enhancing systems that may become vulnerable due to advancements in adversary capabilities, such as cyberattacks or improved delivery systems. This proactive approach not only bolsters the safety and security of nuclear assets but also ensures that operational protocols remain relevant and effective in addressing contemporary challenges.

In essence, modernization helps to maintain a robust deterrent posture by ensuring that the nuclear arsenal and supporting infrastructure are resilient, reliable, and capable of meeting the demands of modern warfare and security threats.

Other options do not directly enhance nuclear surety. Maintaining outdated technologies could leave systems vulnerable, integrating international policies focuses on diplomatic measures rather than technological advancements, and limiting funding could constrain the ability to adapt and evolve necessary security measures.